LAUSR

Objective To summarize the influence patterns of related time factors on acupuncture effectiveness in different disease model rats/mice, and to provide reference for acupuncture clinical practice. Methods Retrieved the relevant literatures on time-effect experimental studies of acupuncture in rats/mice in the recent 10 years. The correlations between the key time factors (such as different intervention timings of acupuncture, acupuncture moments, operation durations, needle-retaining times, intervals and treatment courses) and the acupuncture effect were analyzed and summarized. Results From the mainstream perspective of quantification, the earlier the acupuncture intervention, the better. The proper time to implement acupuncture varied depending on disease models and points. The best operation time varied widely between different diseases. The most frequently needle-retaining time was 20–30 min. The frequency of acupuncture was usually 1 time/day; the length of the treatment course was determined according to practitioners’ experience. Conclusion Throughout the time-effect studies of acupuncture intervention in experimental rats/mice, conclusions are inconsistent, especially the lack of quantitative research on acupuncture operation time, acupuncture frequency, acupuncture treatment duration, and optimal stimulation amount. Future research should explore and determine the best time-quantity parameters that affect the effectiveness of acupuncture intervention, which is the key and goal of the acupuncture time-effect research. Independent intervention-time experiments throughout the entire course of a single disease (dominant disease) need to be done to guide clinical and disciplinary development. 目的 总结针刺干预不同疾病模型鼠相关时间因素对针刺效应的影响规律, 为针灸临床提供参考. 方法 检索近10 年针刺干预实验鼠的有关时-效研究文献, 对不同的针刺介入时机、针刺时刻、施术时间、留针时间、 针刺间隔时间及疗程等关键时间因素与针刺效应的关系进行分析总结. 结果 从量学主流观点看, 针刺介入时间 越早越好; 不同疾病模型和不同腧穴的施针时刻应有不同; 针刺施术时间, 最佳参数总体差异性较大, 因病而异; 留针时间多在20–30 min; 针刺频次多为1 次/日; 疗程的长短多根据经验确定. 结论 纵观针刺干预实验鼠的时-效研究, 定论不一, 尤其缺乏对于针刺施术时间、针刺频次以及针刺疗程与最佳刺激量的量化研究. 今后的研究 应探索确定影响针刺干预效果的最佳时间量学参数, 是针刺时-效研究的关键和目标, 尤应加强对单一疾病(优势 病种)全程的独立的针刺时-效研究, 以指导临床和学科发展.