LAUSR

The frequency of pandemics occurrence has increased, from every 200 years in period before the 18th century, to occurring every 10 to 50 years in the last century. The illegal and unsustainable wildlife trade, the devastation of forests and other wild places, and rapid human mobility were the driving forces behind the increasing number of diseases leaping from wildlife to humans. This article analyzes present human-nature interactions during COVID-19 and projecting future interactions after the pandemic, based on review on academic literature and reports from international development organizations. We found that global pandemic such as COVID-19 is altering human-nature interactions in three major global ecological issues: wildlife, urban emission, and land use. For wildlife, COVID-19 affects human perception towards wildlife consumption and trade, as well as animal conservation. For land use, COVID-19 makes countries reduced efforts for forest monitoring and conservation. For urban emission, lockdown/mobility limitation and physical or social distancing policies are proven to some extent resulted in better human-nature interactions that reduce environmental problems. Reduced emission occurred from decreased industrial activities and mobilities. But this positive impact on environment may end once COVID-19 ends and human activities return to previous pattern. Therefore, structural change is required to prepare a resilient sustainable development by continuing existing positive human behavior during COVID-19 as a new normal of human-nature relationships. It is proven to reduce emission and if it is continued, it can have long term impacts on climate change mitigation.Alternate abstract:ЧаNN‚оN‚а возниÐoновениN Ð?андемий в миN€Ðµ возN€Ð°NN‚аеN‚. ТаÐo, еNÐ»Ð¸ до XVIII веÐoа Ð?андемии возниÐoали N€Ð°Ð· в 200 леN‚, N‚о в XX веÐoе они обNSNÐ²Ð»NNŽN‚NN NƒÐ¶Ðµ ÐoаждN‹Ðµ 10-50 леN‚. НеN€Ð°N†Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»NŒÐ½Ð¾Ðµ и незаÐoонное Ð?N€Ð¸N€Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð?олNŒÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ, NƒÐ½Ð¸N‡N‚ожение Ð?N€Ð¸N€Ð¾Ð´Ð½N‹N… ландNˆÐ°N„N‚ов и вN‹NÐ¾ÐoаN мобилNŒÐ½Ð¾NN‚NŒ наNÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸N NÐ²Ð»NNŽN‚NN оNÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½N‹Ð¼Ð¸ движNƒN‰Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ NÐ¸Ð»Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ NƒÐ²ÐµÐ»Ð¸N‡ÐµÐ½Ð¸N Nƒ лNŽÐ´ÐµÐ¹ N‡Ð¸NÐ»Ð° заболеваний, до N‚ого вNN‚N€ÐµN‡Ð°Ð²NˆÐ¸N…NN N‚олNŒÐoо Nƒ живоN‚нN‹N…. Ð’ данной NN‚аN‚NŒÐµ Ð?N€ÐµÐ´NN‚авлен анализ взаимодейNN‚вий N‡ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐoа и оÐoN€NƒÐ¶Ð°NŽN‰ÐµÐ¹ NN€ÐµÐ´N‹ во вN€ÐµÐ¼N Ð?андемии COVID-19 N Ð?N€Ð¾Ð³Ð½Ð¾Ð·Ð¾Ð¼ на Ð?оNN‚-Ð?андемийнN‹Ð¹ Ð?еN€Ð¸Ð¾Ð´ на оNÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ обзоN€Ð° наNƒN‡Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ лиN‚еN€Ð°N‚NƒN€N‹ и оN‚N‡ÐµN‚ов междNƒÐ½Ð°N€Ð¾Ð´Ð½N‹N… оN€Ð³Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð°N†Ð¸Ð¹. РезNƒÐ»NŒN‚аN‚ ÐoаN‡ÐµNN‚венного NÐ¸Ð½N‚еза инN„оN€Ð¼Ð°N†Ð¸Ð¸ Ð?озволNÐµN‚ Ð?N€ÐµÐ´Ð?оложиN‚NŒ, N‡N‚о Ð?андемии менNNŽN‚ взаимодейNN‚вие N‡ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐoа и Ð?N€Ð¸N€Ð¾Ð´N‹ в N‚N€ÐµN… оNÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½N‹N… доменаN…: диÐoаN Ð?N€Ð¸N€Ð¾Ð´Ð°, вN‹Ð±N€Ð¾NN‹ вN€ÐµÐ´Ð½N‹N… веN‰ÐµNN‚в и землеÐ?олNŒÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ. Ð’ Ð?еN€Ð²Ð¾Ð¼ домене в Ð?андемиNŽ менNÐµN‚NN Ð?оN‚N€ÐµÐ±Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ и N‚оN€Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð»N обNSеÐoN‚ами диÐoой Ð?N€Ð¸N€Ð¾Ð´N‹. Ð’ Ð?еN€Ð¸Ð¾Ð´ огN€Ð°Ð½Ð¸N‡ÐµÐ½Ð¸N мобилNŒÐ½Ð¾NN‚и и NÐoономиN‡ÐµNÐoой аÐoN‚ивноNN‚и лNŽÐ´ÐµÐ¹ знаN‡Ð¸N‚елNŒÐ½Ð¾ NÐ½Ð¸Ð¶Ð°ÐµN‚NN NÐ¼Ð¸NNÐ¸N вN€ÐµÐ´Ð½N‹N… веN‰ÐµNN‚в Ð?N€Ð¾Ð¼N‹NˆÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð½N‹Ð¼Ð¸ Ð?N€ÐµÐ´Ð?N€Ð¸NN‚иNÐ¼Ð¸ и N‚N€Ð°Ð½NÐ?оN€N‚ом в оÐoN€NƒÐ¶Ð°NŽN‰NƒNŽ NN€ÐµÐ´Nƒ, N‡N‚о благоÐ?N€Ð¸NN‚но NÐoазN‹Ð²Ð°ÐµN‚NN на взаимооN‚ноNˆÐµÐ½Ð¸NN… в NÐ¸NN‚еме N‡ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐo - Ð?N€Ð¸N€Ð¾Ð´Ð°. ОднаÐoо Ð?оложиN‚елNŒÐ½N‹Ð¹ NN„N„еÐoN‚ на оÐoN€NƒÐ¶Ð°NŽN‰NƒNŽ NN€ÐµÐ´Nƒ завеN€NˆÐ¸N‚NN N завеN€NˆÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ð?андемии и возвN€Ð°N‰ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ N‡ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð²ÐµN‡ÐµNN‚ва Ðo Ð?N€ÐµÐ¶Ð½ÐµÐ¼Nƒ NƒN€Ð¾Ð²Ð½NŽ NÐoономиN‡ÐµNÐoой °ÐoN‚ивноNN‚и. ТаÐoим обN€Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð¼, оÐ?N‹N‚ Ð?андемий и NÐ²NÐ·Ð°Ð½Ð½N‹Ðµ N ним изменениN NÐoономиN‡ÐµNÐoой и NÐ¾N†Ð¸Ð°Ð»NŒÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ аÐoN‚ивноNN‚и N‡ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð²ÐµN‡ÐµNN‚ва демонNN‚N€Ð¸N€NƒNŽN‚ Ð?оложиN‚елNŒÐ½N‹Ð¹ NN„N„еÐoN‚ на оÐoN€NƒÐ¶Ð°NŽN‰NƒNŽ NN€ÐµÐ´Nƒ и должнN‹ иNÐ?олNŒÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°N‚NŒNN Ð?N€Ð¸ Ð?ланиN€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ NƒNN‚ойN‡Ð¸Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ N€Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¸N‚иN в N€Ð°Ð¼ÐoаN… новN‹N… взаимодейNN‚вий N‡ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐoа и Ð?N€Ð¸N€Ð¾Ð´N‹ длN NƒÐ¼ÐµÐ½NŒNˆÐµÐ½Ð¸N воздейNN‚вий изменений ÐoлимаN‚а на здоN€Ð¾Ð²NŒÐµ N‡ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐoа.