LAUSR

Key Points Question How can health systems most effectively provide smoking cessation treatment to patients after hospital discharge to promote long-term tobacco abstinence? Findings This randomized clinical trial of 1409 hospitalized smokers compared 2 models for delivering tobacco cessation treatment after discharge: health system–based care or referral to a community-based quitline. Health system–based care produced better treatment use and more tobacco abstinence throughout the 3 months of treatment but not 6 months after discharge. Meaning These findings suggest that continuing treatment beyond 3 months might have sustained end-of-treatment superiority of the health system–based model.