LAUSR

Key Points Question Is tocolysis associated with lower rates of death and intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants owing to an effect on the fetal blood-brain barrier? Findings In this cohort study of 1127 mothers who experienced preterm labor and delivered at gestational weeks 24 through 31, the estimated prevalence of death and/or grades III to IV intraventricular hemorrhage was significantly lower in preterm infants with vs without tocolytic exposure (25.3% vs 32.5%). Differences between atosiban and nifedipine exposure for death and/or intraventricular hemorrhage (44.9% vs 51.2%) and for intraventricular hemorrhage (39.1% vs 45.3%) were not significant. Meaning Results for tocolytics are reassuring regarding death and/or intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants, but other studies appear to be necessary to compare the effects of atosiban vs nifedipine.