LAUSR

Key Points Question Is endothelial dysfunction present in early HIV infection, and is reversal of endothelial dysfunction associated with antiretroviral therapy? Findings In this cohort study of 61 patients with early seroconversion to HIV infection and low risk of cardiovascular disease, 14 had evidence of endothelial dysfunction. Antiretroviral therapy was associated with reversed endothelial dysfunction in 8 of 11 patients (73%) at follow-up. Meaning Persistent endothelial dysfunction and subsequent cardiovascular disease may be associated with delayed initiation of antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV infection, and reversal of endothelial dysfunction with antiretroviral therapy may be associated with mitigation of long-term complications of cardiovascular disease.