LAUSR

Key Points Question What is the prevalence and comparative effectiveness associated with buprenorphine and naltrexone in individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) and cooccurring substance use disorders (SUDs)? Findings This comparative effectiveness study evaluated 179 280 individuals with OUD using insurance claims. Individuals with OUD and co-occurring SUDs were less likely to receive buprenorphine and more likely to receive extended-release naltrexone than peers without polysubstance use; buprenorphine and extended-release naltrexone were comparable in their protective associations with drug-related poisonings in both populations. Meaning These findings suggest that individuals with cooccurring SUDs were less likely to receive buprenorphine despite buprenorphine’s association with protecting against overdose in this population.