LAUSR

Key Points Question Are frontline therapies recommended for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) associated with patient benefits? Findings In this comparative effectiveness study of 1501 participants, the statistical robustness of the Mesothelioma Cisplatin Pemetrexed Study (MPS), Mesothelioma Avastin Cisplatin Pemetrexed Study (MAPS), and CheckMate743 (CM743) study were assessed by analysis of the survival curves, survival-inferred fragility index, and censoring patterns. The overall survival curves of the CM743 trial and MAPS overlapped, despite worse performance status in MAPS; unequal censoring was observed in the CM743 trial, particularly in the nonepithelioid subtype, and the survival-inferred fragility index was low in all trials. Meaning These findings suggest that no conclusion regarding survival benefit can be drawn from the 3 included trials; future clinical trials involving novel cancer treatments should consider more factors before registration.