LAUSR

Key Points Question Do contemporary first-line therapy options for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) have different likelihoods of objective imaging response (complete or partial response), and is objective imaging response associated with overall survival? Findings In this cohort study involving 899 patients with mRCC, treatment with immune checkpoint blockade plus vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor combination therapies was more likely to be associated with objective imaging response than doublet immune checkpoint blockade therapy after adjustment for baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, including International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium risk criteria. Objective imaging response was associated with improvement in overall survival among patients receiving both types of therapy. Meaning This study’s findings suggest that combination therapies with first-line immune checkpoint blockade plus vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor were more likely to be associated with objective imaging response than doublet immune checkpoint blockade therapy.