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Use of First-Line Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Association With Overall Survival Among Patients With Metastatic Melanoma in the Anti–PD-1 Era

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Key Points Question Following the US Food and Drug Administration’s approval of PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) for metastatic melanoma, what were the utilization and overall survival associated with ICI… Click to show full abstract

Key Points Question Following the US Food and Drug Administration’s approval of PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) for metastatic melanoma, what were the utilization and overall survival associated with ICI in the first-line setting after 2015? Findings In this cohort study of 16 831 patients with metastatic melanoma, first-line immunotherapy use increased from 2010 to 2019, although 38% of patients still were not receiving first-line ICI in 2019. Use of ICI was associated with improvements in survival, even among those with brain metastases. Meaning First-line ICI therapy was associated with substantial improvements in overall survival among patients with metastatic melanoma, but rates of use remain suboptimal.

Keywords: first line; overall survival; line; metastatic melanoma; patients metastatic

Journal Title: JAMA Network Open
Year Published: 2022

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