Key Points Question What are the annual trends in access to pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic pain treatments among cancer-free US adults with chronic or surgical pain? Findings In this serial cross-sectional… Click to show full abstract
Key Points Question What are the annual trends in access to pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic pain treatments among cancer-free US adults with chronic or surgical pain? Findings In this serial cross-sectional study of Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data from 2011 to 2019 with 46 420 respondents, the prevalence of outpatient nonpharmacologic treatments surpassed prescription opioid use for chronic, but not surgical, pain. Meaning The findings of this study suggest that nonpharmacologic pain treatments are increasing in prevalence following government policy and practice guidelines; however, barriers to accessing some services may still exist.
               
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