LAUSR

Key Points Question Is traumatic brain injury associated with long-term risk of cardiometabolic, neurological, or psychiatric comorbidities? Findings In this cohort study including 4351 patients each with mild or moderate to severe TBI and 4351 frequency-matched unexposed patients without TBI, the rates of cardiovascular and endocrine comorbidities after TBI were significantly higher in patients with mild or moderate to severe TBI compared with patients without TBI. The risk of post-TBI comorbidities was higher in all age groups compared with age-matched unexposed patients, particularly in patients younger than 40 years, and post-TBI comorbidities were associated with higher mortality over a 10-year follow-up period. Meaning These findings suggest that patients with TBI in all age groups may benefit from a proactive targeted screening program for chronic multisystem diseases, particularly cardiometabolic diseases, after injury.