Key Points Question What is the association of low-level arsenic exposure with brain structure and function and subsequent cognitive functioning? Findings This cohort study of 1014 participants describes a syndrome… Click to show full abstract
Key Points Question What is the association of low-level arsenic exposure with brain structure and function and subsequent cognitive functioning? Findings This cohort study of 1014 participants describes a syndrome of impairments in executive function associated with low-level arsenic exposure and characterizes its underlying brain mechanisms. The arsenic-associated impairments are exacerbated by risk factors such as poor nutrition and poverty. Meaning These findings call for a reexamination of the definitions of safe levels of environmental arsenic exposure; improvements in nutrition and socioeconomic conditions may additionally serve as potential mechanisms to ameliorate the harmful consequences of environmental arsenic insults.
               
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