LAUSR

Key Points Question Is higher resource utilization, quantified by hospital costs, associated with survival without neurodevelopmental impairment among infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy treated with therapeutic hypothermia? Findings In this cohort study of 381 neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy who underwent therapeutic hypothermia in 11 children’s hospitals, total hospitalization costs during the first 4 days were not associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes. Higher electroencephalography (EEG) costs were associated with survival without neurodevelopmental impairment, yet higher antiseizure medication or laboratory costs were not. Meaning These findings suggest EEG monitoring may improve outcomes, whereas more intensive laboratory monitoring may not yield similar benefits.