LAUSR

Key Points Question Do neighborhoods with high rates of incarceration have higher rates of adverse birth outcomes compared with neighborhoods with low rates of incarceration after adjusting for aggregated maternal and other neighborhood factors? Findings In this cross-sectional study of 2061 US Census tracts in New York City with 562 339 births, fully adjusted models demonstrated a 13% higher incidence rate ratio of preterm birth and 10% higher incidence rate ratio of low birth weight in neighborhoods with high rates of incarceration compared with those with low rates of incarceration. Meaning These findings suggest that living in a neighborhood with high rates of incarceration may contribute to adverse birth outcomes, and these neighborhoods warrant investment and further study.