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In geodesy, coastal Mean Dynamic Topography (MDT) was traditionally determined by spirit levelling technique. Advances in navigation satellite positioning (e.g., GPS) and geoid determination enable space-based levelling with an accuracy… Click to show full abstract
In geodesy, coastal Mean Dynamic Topography (MDT) was traditionally determined by spirit levelling technique. Advances in navigation satellite positioning (e.g., GPS) and geoid determination enable space-based levelling with an accuracy of about 3 cm at tide gauges. Recent CryoSat-2, a satellite altimetry mission with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and SAR interferometric measurements, extends the space-based levelling to the coastal ocean with the same accuracy. However, barriers remain in applying the two space-based geodetic methods for MDT determination over the coastal ocean because current geoid modelling focuses primarily on land as a substitute to spirit levelling to realize the vertical datum.
Journal Title: Geophysical Research Letters
Year Published: 2017
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