Selenium‐carbon materials present an interesting opportunity for rechargeable battery systems. They are usually obtained through infusing elemental Se into various carbon sources. Herein, a self‐thermal‐reduction method is successfully applied to… Click to show full abstract
Selenium‐carbon materials present an interesting opportunity for rechargeable battery systems. They are usually obtained through infusing elemental Se into various carbon sources. Herein, a self‐thermal‐reduction method is successfully applied to prepare covalent Se carbon material (CPSe, Se: 10.8 wt%) utilizing polyselenophene (PSe) as a dual source of selenium and carbon matrix, in which selenium is mainly present with the form of CSe bond. Interestingly, most of them are found to break away from the carbon skeleton as the discharge voltage is gradually scanned down to a lower stage, and then selenide is progressively oxidized to elemental Se in the charge process. Furthermore, employing a space‐confined strategy, a high Se mass loading composite (Se‐CPSe, 56.8 wt%) is effectively produced with the simultaneous introduction of covalent Se and physical‐trapped Se. In this electrode, the physical‐restricted Se part exhibits a reversible capacity of 420 mA h g−1 at 100 mA g−1 for the Na‐Se battery. More significantly, after being activated at 0.01–3.0 V in the initial cycles, the electrochemical cleaved covalent Se and physical‐confined Se can jointly contribute specific capacity of ≈590 mA h g−1. Such strategies and understanding are important for the future design and optimization of electrode materials for Na‐Se batteries.
               
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