LAUSR

Biofilm is the main culprit of refractory infections and seriously threaten to the human health. Here, a smart hydrogel consisted of norspermidine, aminoglycosides and oxidized polysaccharide was prepared via the formation of acid-labile imine linkage to treat P. aeruginosa biofilm infections in several animal models. The increased acidity caused by bacterial infection triggers the release of norspermidine and aminoglycosides covalently bound with the polymer scaffold. The released norspermidine inhibits biofilm formation and virulence production by regulating the quorum sensing of P. aeruginosa, while the aminoglycoside antibiotics effectively kill the released bacteria. The gel thoroughly inhibited biofilm formation on various medical devices and decreased bacteria pathogenicity. It efficiently inhibited implantation-associated biofilm infections and chronic wound infections, and showed great promising to prevent and treat biofilm-induced refractory infection in clinics. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.