LAUSR

As a noninvasive treatment, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has been widely used in the treatment of tumors because of its ability to penetrate deep tissue with few side effects. As the key factor of SDT, it is meaningful to design and synthesize efficient sonosensitizers. Compared with organic sonosensitizers, inorganic sonosensitizers can be easily excited by ultrasound. In addition, inorganic sonosensitizers with stable properties, good dispersion, and long blood circulation time, have great development potential in SDT. This review summarizes possible mechanisms of SDT (sono-excitation and ultrasonic cavitation) in detail. Based on these mechanisms, the design and synthesis of inorganic nano sonosensitizers can be divided into three categories: traditional inorganic semiconductor sonosensitizers, enhanced inorganic semiconductor sonosensitizers, and cavitation-enhanced sonosensitizers. Subsequently, the current efficient construction methods of sonosensitizers are summarized including accelerated semiconductor charge separation and enhanced production of reactive oxygen species through ultrasonic cavitation. Furthermore, we systematically discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different inorganic sonosensitizers and detailed strategies on how to enhance SDT. Hopefully, this review could provide new insights into the design and synthesis of efficient inorganic nano-sonosensitizers for SDT. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.