LAUSR

In the past 17 years, the larger-scale production of graphene and graphene family materials has proven difficult and costly, thus slowing wider-scale commercial applications. The quality of the graphene that is prepared on larger scales has often been poor, demonstrating a need for improved quality controls. Here, current industrial graphene synthetic and analytical methods as well as recent academic advancements in larger-scale or sustainable synthesis of graphene, defined here as weights more than 200 mg or films larger than 200 cm2 , are compiled and reviewed. There is a specific emphasis on recent research in the use of flash Joule heating as a rapid, efficient, and scalable method to produce graphene and other 2-D nanomaterials. Reactor design, synthetic strategies, safety considerations, feedstock selection, Raman spectroscopy, and future outlooks for flash Joule heating syntheses are presented. To conclude, there is a presentation of the remaining challenges and opportunities in the larger-scale synthesis of graphene and a perspective on the broader use of flash Joule heating for larger-scale 2-D materials synthesis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.