LAUSR

Numerous of the greatest inventions in modern society, such as solar cells, display panels and transistors, rely on a simple concept: An external stimulus is applied to a material, and the response is then utilized. Oxides often exhibit a particular colorful palette of responses to external stimuli due to the close coupling between lattice, spin, orbital and charge degrees of freedom. In particular, oxide heterostructures where oxide thin films are deposited on SrTiO3 have proven to be a fertile playground for material scientists, and a vast amount of interesting theoretical and experimental studies showcase the wide tunabilities of these heterostructures when subjected to external stimuli. Here, we review how the properties of SrTiO3-based heterostructures can be changed by external stimuli using electric fields, magnetic fields, light, stress, particle bombardment, liquids, gases and temperature. The application of a single stimulus or several stimuli combined often leads to unexpected changes in properties that open up for designing new devices as well as expanding the boundaries of our understanding within fundamental science.