The determinants of variability in infant carrying within and across societies is an understudied area within parental investment research. Carrying has positive and negative consequences as it may protect the… Click to show full abstract
The determinants of variability in infant carrying within and across societies is an understudied area within parental investment research. Carrying has positive and negative consequences as it may protect the infant from predators and pathogens but is energetically costly for caregivers. Moreover, carrying may delay independent locomotor development and exposure to antigens necessary for immunological competence. The purpose of this study is to compare infants' ages and developmental milestone attainment as predictors of carrying behavior and to identify other determinants of carrying behavior among traditional forager‐horticulturalists in Papua New Guinea.
               
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