LAUSR

Targeted genome editing (GE) technology has brought a significant revolution in fictional genomic research and given hope to plant scientists to develop desirable varieties. This technology involves inducing site-specific DNA perturbations that can be repaired through DNA repair pathways. GE products currently include CRISPR-associated nuclease DNA breaks, prime editors generated DNA flaps, single nucleotide-modifications, transposases, and recombinases. The discovery of double-strand breaks, site-specific nucleases, and repair mechanisms paved the way for targeted genome editing, and the first-generation genome editing tools, ZFNs and TALENs, were successfully utilized in plant genome editing. However, CRISPR-Cas has now become the preferred tool for genome editing due to its speed, reliability, and cost-effectiveness. Plant functional genomics has benefited significantly from the widespread use of CRISPR technology for advancements and developments. This review highlights the progress made in CRISPR technology, including multiplex editing, base editing, and prime editing, as well as the challenges and potential delivery mechanisms. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.