LAUSR

According to Van de Flier et al. (2005), dementia is a progressive deterioration of cognition that can be caused by several underlying factors affecting particular areas of the brain to generate specific clinical features. Certain diseases cause dysfunction in the cerebral hemispheres, subcortical nuclei or white matter interconnections, leading to dementia (Schafer et al., 2016). In this review, the focus will be on the clinical anatomy of the major types of dementia in order of prevalence, Alzheimer’s disease being the most prevalent, followed by vascular dementia, frontotemporal dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies.