LAUSR

INTRODUCTION After almost a decade of limited progress in the treatment of esophagogastric cancer (EGC), which includes both esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophagogastric adenocarcinoma (EAC), groundbreaking improvements in clinically meaningful outcomes were made in 2021 for patients impacted by all stages of the disease. Whereas gains have been made in the treatment of other cancer types by using molecular profiling and precision medicine, treatment of EGC has lagged over the past decade, highlighting the lethality and challenges of treating this disease. Since 2010, only 2 new agents have been approved for use in an unselected EGC population, yielding modest improvements in outcomes. For patients with HER2positive and microsatellite instabilityhigh disease, outcomes have improved with the availability of trastuzumab and pembrolizumab, respectively. However, immunotherapy in unselected patients following progression on standard chemotherapy has yielded disappointing results, and several studies have failed to demonstrate any benefit for patients. 7