LAUSR

In this present review, the multiple chemical synergies within the catalytic non-thermal plasma-assisted nitrogen fixation (NTPNF) were uncovered through a critical exploration of the underlying synergistic mechanisms, during which the catalyst, plasma, and reactants played different roles in the Nitrogen fixation process. For the gas-phase NTPNF process, its synergies contained different aspects of the catalytic pathways such as electron-impact dissociation, Zeldovich mechanism in the PNO interactions; Eley-Rideal (ER), Langmuir-Hinshelwood (LH), surface adsorption, diffusion, mechanisms for the plasma-catalyst interactions. The synergies within the gas-liquid NTPNF involve promotions of plasma and UV to the gas-phase reactions, and the UV excitation of liquid surface molecules to enhance the synthesis of aqueous nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium. Based on the various synergistic mechanisms in the NTPNF process, future potential applications are proposed for how NTPNF could benefit the sustainable nitrogen fixation industry.