LAUSR

Direct hydrogenation of CO₂ to C₂+ hydrocarbons is very interesting, but achieving this transformation below 200 °C is challenging and seldom reported. Herein, we report a homogeneous catalytic system composed of ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIm][PF₆]), Pd(PtBu₃)₂, FeCl₂ and ligand 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (Xantphos) for hydrogenation of CO₂ under mild conditions, which can realize the CO₂ hydrogenation to C₂-C₄ hydrocarbons in selectivity up to 98.3 C-mol% at 180 °C. The combination of [BMIm][PF₆]) with Xantphos endows the Pd-Fe catalysts to be capable of activating CO₂ and H₂ simultaneously via forming [HPd(PtBu₃)(BMIm-COO)(BMIm)(PF₆)Fe]+ species, thus catalyzing the formation of C₂-C₄ hydrocarbons from CO₂ hydrogenation. In addition, this catalytic system is stable and recyclable, which may have promising applications.