LAUSR

A growing demand of miniaturized biomedical sensors, microscale self-powered electronic systems and many other portable, wearable and integratable electronic devices is continually stimulating the rapid development of miniaturized energy storage devices (MESDs). Miniaturized batteries (MBs) and supercapacitors (MSCs) were considered to be suitable energy storage devices to power the microelectronics uninterruptedly with reasonable energy and power densities. However, in addition to the similar challenges of electrode materials that encountered in conventional energy storage devices, their performances are also greatly affected by microfabrication technologies, as well as the challenges how to realize stable and high-performance MESDs in such limited footprint area. Benefiting from the unique architecture engineering of two-dimensional materials and the emergence of precise and controllable microfabrication techniques, the output electrochemical performances of the MSCs and MBs are improving rapidly. This minireview summarizes the recent advances in MSCs and MBs built from 2D materials, including electrode/device configuration designs, material synthesis, microfabrication processes, smart function incorporations, and system integrations. We present the introductions following the configurations of the MESDs, from linear fibrous shape, planar sandwich thin-film or interdigital structure, to 3D configurations. Stresses are put on the fundamental influences of the electrode material and configuration designs on the exhibited MB/MSC electrochemical performances.