LAUSR

Manganese-based oxide is arguably one of the most well-studied cathode materials for zinc ion battery due to its wide oxidation states, cost-effectiveness, and matured synthesis process. As a result, there are numerous reports that show significant strides in the progress of Mn-based oxides as ZIB cathode. However, ironically, due to the sheer number of Mn-based oxides that have been published in recent years, there remains certain contemplations with regards to the electrochemical performance of each type of Mn-based oxides and their performance comparison among various Mn polymorphs and oxidation states. Thus, to provide a clearer indication of the development of Mn-based oxide, the recent progress in Mn-based oxides as ZIB cathode is summarized systematically in this review. More specifically, we will discuss the (1) classification of Mn-based oxides based on the oxidation states, i.e. , MnO 2 , Mn 3 O 4 , Mn 2 O 3 , and MnO, (2) their respective polymorphs, i.e. , a-MnO 2 and δ-MnO 2 , as ZIB cathode, (3) the modification strategies commonly employed to enhance the performance, and the (4) effects of these modification strategies on the performance enhancement. Lastly, perspectives and outlook of Mn-based oxides as ZIB cathode are discussed at the end of this review.