LAUSR

The association between cardiometabolic health (CMH) and the risk of heart failure (HF) was assessed in a cohort of 5080 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and without prevalent HF from the Look AHEAD trial. The CMH score included 2 points each for target levels of waist circumference, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, and 1 point each for blood pressure and glycated haemoglobin at target. Higher baseline CMH score and an improvement in CMH parameters were associated with a lower risk of incident HF.1 Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for more than half of HF hospitalizations.2 Data regarding 41 708 patients hospitalized for HFpEF were collected between 2017 and 2021 across several centres in China. Patients were often burdened by multiple comorbidities, namely hypertension, atrial fibrillation and coronary artery disease (CAD). At 1-year follow-up, rehospitalization due to HF occurred in 13.6% of patients, while cardiovascular death in 3.1%.3 The relationship between quality of care as assessed using the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) quality indicators (QIs) and outcome was investigated among 43 704 patients with HF from the Swedish HF registry.4,5 Out of the 16 QIs, 13 could be measured and 5 were inversely associated with all-cause mortality during follow-up. Quality of care varied across the 80 centres included in the study.5 BLITZ-HF was a nationwide initiative across 106 Italian centres evaluating the effectiveness of educational intervention to implement guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) in HF patients. Overall, 7218 HF patients, with both acute and chronic HF, were enrolled and a web-based pop-up system reminding GDMT recommendations was tested. At baseline, level of adherence to HF guidelines was already elevated. The use of the pop-up system led to a further improvement of six out of nine indicators.6