LAUSR

Relapse and refractory T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoblastic lymphoma (R/R T‐ALL/LBL) patients have poor outcomes. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T‐cell therapy for T‐ALL/LBL has shown encouraging results in the early stages of clinical trials. Here, we retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of 12 patients with R/R T‐ALL/LBL who received CD7 CAR‐T cell therapy. Eleven patients received autologous CAR‐T cells, while one patient received allogeneic CAR‐T cells. On Day 28 post‐infusion, 67% (8/12) of patients achieved an overall response (ORR). At a median follow‐up of 134 (14–925) days, the median overall survival (OS) was 134 days, and the progression‐free survival (PFS) was 81 days. Among the 8 patients who achieved remission after CD7 CAR‐T cell infusion, 5 patients received consolidation allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT). Compared with 3 patients who did not undergo consolidation allo‐HSCT, patients with allo‐HSCT as consolidation showed a trend toward better OS (allo‐HSCT vs. control: 6‐month OS, 60% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.073) and better PFS (allo‐HSCT vs. control: 6‐month PFS, 60% vs. 0%, p = 0.022). Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) occurred in all patients (grade 1–2 in 67% of patients, grade 3 in 33% of patients), and one patient experienced neurotoxicity. CD7 CAR‐T cell therapy is a promising option for R/R T‐ALL/LBL patients with manageable adverse events. Moreover, CD7 CAR‐T cell infusion followed by consolidation allo‐HSCT in R/R T‐ALL/LBL patients might play an important role in prolonging remission duration.