LAUSR

MicroRNAs (miRs) have been extensively studied for their involvement in multiple sclerosis (MS). We investigated the involvement of miR‐134‐3p on MS. The MS rat model was established, and positive expression of interleukin‐17 (IL‐17) was detected using the immunohistochemical method while the expression of miR‐134‐3p and serine protease 57 (PRSS57) was determined by means of reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and Western blot analysis. Second, the miR‐134‐3p overexpression or short hairpin RNA against PRSS57 was introduced into the CD34+ cells to investigate the levels of proliferation and apoptosis‐related genes by RT‐qPCR and Western blot analysis. In addition, analysis of the targeting relations of miR‐134‐3p and PRSS57 was conducted using online software and dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay. Furthermore, neuronal functions, inflammatory response, proliferation, and apoptosis of CD34+ cells were assayed by flow cytometry, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium. IL‐17 and PRSS57 expression increased while miR‐134‐3p expression decreased in the spinal cord from MS rats. miR‐134‐3p could target PRSS57. miR‐134‐3p overexpression or PRSS57 silencing enhanced mitochondrial activity of neurons, mitochondrial membrane potential content, CD34+ cell proliferation, while decreasing Cyt C content, inflammatory response, and cell apoptosis. Collectively, overexpression of miR‐134‐3p promotes CD34+ cell proliferation via inhibition of PRSS57 in MS, which may serve as a promising target for MS intervention.