LAUSR

Fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS), synovial tissue‐specific cells, are key effector cells during the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our previous study has shown that tripartite motif‐containing protein 3 (TRIM3) overexpression inhibits the proliferation and cytokine secretion of RA FLS. Experiments with gene knockout mice have suggested the important roles of forkhead box o3a (Foxo3a) in RA pathogenesis. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between Foxo3a and TRIM3 during RA pathogenesis. The expression of Foxo3a and TRIM3 was reduced in RA synovial tissues in comparison to healthy controls, and Foxo3a messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in RA synovial tissues correlated positively with TRIM3 mRNA expression. We found that stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) caused the downregulation of Foxo3a and TRIM3 in FLS. Foxo3a or TRIM3 overexpression significantly attenuated the promoting effects of LPS on cell proliferation and the release of tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and IL‐1β. In addition, Foxo3a suppressed the inhibitory effects of LPS on the mRNA and protein levels of TRIM3, as well as the activity of TRIM3 promoter. Foxo3a or TRIM3 overexpression attenuated collagen‐induced arthritis in rats. Furthermore, knockdown of TRIM3 significantly suppressed the effects of Foxo3a overexpression on LPS‐activated FLS. In summary, our findings suggested that Foxo3a exerted inhibitory effects on LPS‐induced proliferation and inflammation through increasing TRIM3 transcription. The decreased expression of Foxo3a may contribute to the RA pathogenesis.