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Echocardiographic features and outcome of restrictive foramen ovale in fetuses with and without cardiac malformations: Literature review

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Foramen ovale is a small communication between the left and the right atrium and its restriction is a rare congenital heart anomaly. There is no consensus on diagnosis and management… Click to show full abstract

Foramen ovale is a small communication between the left and the right atrium and its restriction is a rare congenital heart anomaly. There is no consensus on diagnosis and management of fetal restrictive foramen ovale (RFO). In our paper we included 11 studies about fetuses affected by isolated RFO, RFO with D‐Transposition of the Great Arteries (dTGA) and RFO with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). While fetuses affected from HLHS and dTGA with RFO have a poor prognosis, premature RFO in an otherwise structurally normal heart, if found in later gestation, have an overall good outcome.

Keywords: ovale fetuses; foramen ovale; outcome restrictive; echocardiographic features; features outcome; restrictive foramen

Journal Title: Journal of Clinical Ultrasound
Year Published: 2022

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