LAUSR

Viral infections trigger a wide range of immune responses thought to drive tumorigenesis and malignant progression. Dissecting virus‐induced changes in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is therefore crucial to identify key leukocyte populations that may represent novel targets for cancer therapy. Single‐cell sequencing approaches have now been widely applied to the analysis of various tumors, thus enabling multiomics characterization of the highly heterogeneous TIME that bulk‐sequencing cannot fully elucidate. In this review, we summarized key recent findings from sequencing studies of the immune infiltrate and antitumor response in virus‐associated cancers at single cell resolution. Additionally, we also reviewed recent developments in immunotherapy for virus‐associated cancers. We anticipate that the strategic use of single‐cell sequencing will advance our understanding of the TIME of viral cancers, leading to the development of more potent novel treatments.