LAUSR

The growing demand for food and its safety are a challenge for agriculture and agrifood, this has led to the incorporation of alternatives such as organic agriculture, the use of biocontrollers, the development of transgenic plants resistant to pathogens and the incorporation of nanotechnology. In this sense, agrochemicals based on nanoparticles (NPs) have been developed. Recently the green synthesis of NPs has taken boom, for this reason, molecules, microorganisms, fungi and plants are used. Synthesis from plant extracts offers a broad spectrum and despite the fact that NPs are usually dispersed in size and shape, extensive antimicrobial effectiveness has been demonstrated at nanomolar concentrations. It has been shown that the mechanism of action can be through the dissipation of the driving force of the protons, the alteration of cellular permeability, the formation of bonds with the thiol group of the proteins, the generation of reactive species of oxygen (ROS), and the hyperoxidation of DNA, RNA and even the cell membrane. To improve the efficiency of NPs, modifications have been made such as coating with other metals, the addition of antibiotics, detergents and surfactants, as well as the acidification of the solution. In consequence, NPs are pondered as a promising method to achieve safety in the agricultural and agrifood area, however, it is necessary to investigate on the side effects of NPs when applied in agroecological systems, on textural, nutriment and sensory properties of food, as well as the impact on human health. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.