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Exploring the antimicrobial activity of fermented and non‐fermented cocoa bean shell extracts through metabolomics analysis and synergistic studies

Cocoa bean shell (CBS) extracts have emerged as a promising source of antimicrobial compounds. However, the bioactive compounds responsible for their antimicrobial activity have not been studied sufficiently. This study… Click to show full abstract

Cocoa bean shell (CBS) extracts have emerged as a promising source of antimicrobial compounds. However, the bioactive compounds responsible for their antimicrobial activity have not been studied sufficiently. This study analyzed the antimicrobial properties of 12 extracts from fermented and non‐fermented CBS, employing solvent and steam distillation extraction techniques to maximize bioactive diversity. The extracts were assessed against selected bacteria and fungi, including the ‘ESKAPE’ pathogens.

Keywords: non fermented; bean shell; cocoa bean; antimicrobial activity; fermented non

Journal Title: Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
Year Published: 2025

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