LAUSR

A combination of modified quick easy cheap effective rugged and safe extraction approach with carbon nano-onions-based dispersive solid phase extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was developed for the extraction of several pesticides (diazinon, chlorpyrifos, tebuconazole, deltamethrin, permethrin, haloxyfop-methyl, penconazole, and cyhalothrin) from grape before their analysis by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection. In the extraction approach, an aliquot of grape sample is chopped and after separating its juice, the pesticides remained in refuse are extracted by the quick easy cheap effective rugged and safe extraction method. The obtained acetonitrile phase is mixed with juice and the analytes are extracted by the carbon nano-onions-based dispersive solid phase extraction. The analytes are concentrated using the microextraction procedure to obtain high enrichment factors. The results showed low limits of detection (0.5-1.6 ng g-1 ) and quantification (1.8-5.4 ng g-1 ) with a satisfactory linearity of the calibration curves (r2 ≥0.994). The precision of the developed method expressed as relative standard deviations was good (≤7.2%). The method provided high enrichment factors (350-410) and extraction recoveries (70-82%). Finally, seven grape samples were analyzed successfully. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.