LAUSR

BACKGROUND Aphis gossypii is a notorious pest worldwide, and evidence of resistance of A. gossypii to various insecticides has been documented. The diagnostic tools for the rapid and accurate assessment of insecticide resistance are urgently needed to implement the effective pest control and insecticide resistance management strategies. RESULTS Through this diagnostic kit based on glass vial bioassay, the detection results can be obtained in 3 h and the values of 897.86 ng/cm2 , 133.57 ng/cm2 , 12037.45 ng/cm2 , 2849.26 ng/cm2 , 19457.33 ng/cm2 and 215.60 ng/cm2 were finally identified as the actual diagnostic doses of imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, nitenpyram, dinotefuran and sulfoxaflor, respectively. The regression equation between mortalities under diagnostic doses and actual resistance ratios tested by leaf dipping method were conducted in different strains of A. gossypii, and the diagnostic mortality of A. gossypii was negatively correlated with the resistance ratio to imidacloprid (r = -0.986, P = 0.002), acetamiprid (r = -0.964, P = 0.008), thiamethoxam (r = -0.930, P = 0.022), nitenpyram (r = -0.950, P = 0.013), dinotefuran (r = -0.976, P = 0.004) and sulfoxaflor (r = -0.937, P = 0.019). Moreover, we chose four A. gossypii field populations to apply the diagnostic kit in the field. CONCLUSIONS A diagnostic kit based on glass vial bioassay for the rapid detection of resistance to imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, nitenpyram, dinotefuran and sulfoxaflor in A. gossypii was developed. The insecticide diagnostic kit for A. gossypii can be a useful screening tool to determine the effective insecticides quickly and accurately. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.