LAUSR

Abstract Purpose A cross‐sectional study was conducted to evaluate differences in uterine morphology between women with or without polycystic ovary syndrome. Methods The authors recruited 333 infertile reproductive‐age women including 93 with polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosed using the criteria of the Japanese Society of Obstetrics Gynecology‐2007. Shapes of uterine cavity were measured by transvaginal three‐dimensional ultrasound. Results The polycystic ovary syndrome group had a significantly deeper indentation (2.2 ± 0.4 mm vs. 0.0 ± 0.2 mm, p < 0.0001) and a significantly more acute indentation angle (162.9 ± 2.2 deg vs. 175.2 ± 1.3 deg, p < 0.0001) than the control group. Conclusion The depth and the apical angle of fundal indentation of uterine cavity are different in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.