LAUSR

The ability of carrier selective contact is mainly determined by the surface passivation and work function for dopant-free materials applied in crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells, which have received considerable attention in recent years. In this contribution, a novel electron-selective material, lanthanide terbium trifluoride (TbFx ), with an ultra-low work function of 2.4 eV characteristic, is presented, allowing a low contact resistivity (ρc ) of ≈3 mΩ cm2 . Additionally, the insertion of ultrathin passivated SiOx layer deposited by PECVD between TbFx and n-Si resulted in ρc only increase slightly. SiOx /TbFx stack eliminated fermi pinning between aluminum and n-type c-Si (n-Si), which further enhanced the electron selectivity of TbFx on full-area contacts to n-Si. Last, SiOx /TbFx /Al electron-selective contacts significantly improves the open circuit voltage (Voc ) for silicon solar cells, but rarely impacts the short circuit current (Jsc ) and fill factor (FF), thus champion efficiency cell achieved approaching 22% power conversion efficiency (PCE). This study indicates a great potential for using lanthanide fluorides as electron-selective material in photovoltaic devices.