Biofilms are often composed of different bacterial and fungal species/strains, which form complex structures based on social interactions with each other. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) can help us identify… Click to show full abstract
Biofilms are often composed of different bacterial and fungal species/strains, which form complex structures based on social interactions with each other. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) can help us identify the different species/strains present within a biofilm , and when coupled with confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM), it enables the visualization of the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the biofilm and the spatial arrangement of each individual species/strain within it. In this chapter, we describe the protocol for characterizing multistrain or multispecies biofilm formation using NAM-FISH and CSLM.
               
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