LAUSR

Whereas static vocal fold medialization or lateralization are currently the standard procedures, new dynamic treatment methods such as reinnervation and laryngeal pacing focus on better toning and remobilization of the paralyzed vocal folds. End-to-end or jump anastomoses of the recurrent laryngeal nerve can preserve muscle mass and avoid atrophy, thus enabling subsequent dynamic therapeutic options. Prognostic evaluation and the time point of therapeutic intervention are important issues in the management of patients with recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis. Irreversible interventions should be avoided at early time points or during childhood in order to allow for spontaneous remission and dynamic therapeutic options.