LAUSR

Over the last 15 years, return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) following paediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) has improved from less than 50% to more than 80%, and survival to hospital discharge has improved from 14% to more than 40% (Table 1). However, survival after paediatric out-of-hospital CA (OHCA) remains low at 4–13%. Early recognition and rapid response to prearrest conditions, high quality first responder cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), goal-directed CPR and post-resuscitative care, and extracorporeal support of circulation for special reversible cardiac arrest conditions offer great promise for further improved survival and quality of life outcomes.