LAUSR

Purpose To compare accuracy, patient discomfort, and clinical outcome of ultrasound-guided versus palpation-guided corticosteroid injections to the bicipital groove in patients with long head of biceps (LHB) tendinosis. Materials and methods Forty-four patients with primary LHB tendinosis were randomized into two groups (group A, n  = 22; group B, n  = 22). All patients underwent treatment with a single corticosteroid injection to the bicipital groove. Injections in group A were performed under ultrasound-guidance, while in group B using a palpation-guided technique. The duration of each procedure was recorded. To assess accuracy, ultrasound examination was performed in both groups after injection. Patient discomfort was evaluated with visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain. The clinical outcome was assessed comparing the VAS, the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) score and the QuickDASH score before treatment and after 4 weeks and 6 months. Results The mean duration of the procedure was 64 ± 6.87 s in group A and 81.91 ± 8.42 s in group B ( p  < 0.001). Injection accuracy in group A was 100% and in group B 68.18%. Discomfort was lower in group A, as compared to group B (22.10 vs. 35.50; p  < 0.001). Symptoms, as measured by VAS, SANE and QuickDASH scores, improved in both groups at 4 weeks and 6 months ( p  < 0.05). Superior clinical improvement was recorded in group A in both time points ( p  < 0.05). Conclusions Corticosteroid injections are an effective treatment for primary LHB tendinosis. Under ultrasound guidance, injections to the bicipital groove are faster and produce lower discomfort. Superior accuracy and clinical outcomes can be achieved using the ultrasound-guided technique. Level of evidence Level II; Prospective Randomized Comparative Study.