LAUSR

Purpose To compare long-term functional outcomes after robotic vs. retropubic RP for patients with localized prostate cancer in routine care. Methods “HAROW” was a large German noninterventional health services research study that prospectively evaluated the treatment of patients with localized prostate cancer (≤ T2c). We sent validated questionnaires to 1260 patients who underwent RP to evaluate long-term outcomes. Results After a median follow-up of 6.3 [interquartile range (IQR) 4.8–7.6] years, 42 (3%) patients had died. The return rate of the questionnaire was 76.8% (936/1218). The approach was robotic in 404 and retropubic in 532 patients. In the multivariate analysis, lack of postoperative radiotherapy [odds ratio (OR) 3.1], younger patient age (< 60 years: OR 2.8; 60–69 years: OR 2.1), preoperative urinary continence (OR 2.4), and higher annual hospital caseload (≥ 200 cases: OR 1.6) were independent predictors of urinary continence. The potency rate after nerve-sparing RP in preoperatively potent men was 40.5% (111/274). In the multivariate analysis, younger patient age (< 60 years: OR 17.9; 60–69 years: OR 8.0), lower oncologic risk (OR 2.8), and lack of postoperative radiotherapy (OR 2.2) were independent predictors of potency. Conclusion Younger age and lack of postoperative radiotherapy were associated with better urinary continence and erectile function. Additionally, a high annual caseload (≥ 200 RP/year) was associated with better urinary continence. Younger age, low or intermediated oncological risk and lack of postoperative radiotherapy were independent predictors for a trifecta outcome. The surgical approach did not affect long-term functional outcomes.