LAUSR

The second Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) was onboard the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-20 satellite when launched on 18 November 2017. Using nearly six months of the earliest NOAA-20 observations, the biases of the ATMS instrument were compared between NOAA-20 and the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (S-NPP) satellite. The biases of ATMS channels 8 to 13 were estimated from the differences between antenna temperature observations and model simulations generated from Meteorological Operational (MetOp)-A and MetOp-B satellites’ Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation (RO) temperature and water vapor profiles. It was found that the ATMS onboard the NOAA-20 satellite has generally larger cold biases in the brightness temperature measurements at channels 8 to 13 and small standard deviations. The observations from ATMS on both S-NPP and NOAA-20 are shown to demonstrate an ability to capture a less than 1-h temporal evolution of Hurricane Florence (2018) due to the fact that the S-NPP orbits closely follow those of NOAA-20. 搭载了第二个先进微波探空仪 (ATMS) 的国家海洋和大气管理局 (NOAA)-20 卫星于 2017 年 11 月 18 日成功发射. 此研究比较了 NOAA-20 ATMS 最早传输回的前 6 个月的观测数据与 S-NPP 在同一时期观测的数据来评估新的ATMS仪器的偏差. 以 MetOp-A 与 MetOp-B 卫星的掩星观测到的温度/湿度廓线为辐射传输模式的背景场, 天线温度和模式模拟的温度的差可以被用来估算 ATMS的 8 到 13 通道的偏差. 计算结果显示 NOAA-20 卫星搭载的 ATMS 在通道 8 到 13 观测的亮温有更大的冷偏差但是相对较小的标准偏差. 得益于 S-NPP 轨道紧随 NOAA-20 的轨道, S-NPP 与 NOAA-20 的 ATMS 观测资料被证明可以捕捉飓风 Florence (2018) 不到一小时之内的演变过程.