LAUSR

abundant sunshine, since pregnancy is a state that requires supplementation of at least 40 ng/mL during the earliest time points [4, 5]. This will insure maximum protection from pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia in the mother and asthma formation in the infant [4, 5]. To achieve this, intakes of at least 4000 IU/d vitamin D3 will be required because of variable individual abilities to convert vitamin D to 25(OH)D [6]. Further, this level of supplementation lies within the safe intake level as defined by The Endocrine Society [7]. Clinicians could incorporate new results from available relevant randomized controlled trials in their daily practice and orientation, with the understanding that the lack of adequate vitamin D substrate during pregnancy imparts genetic and epigenetic alterations in both mother and fetus, with long term consequences. This approach is of outmost importance in countries with minimal or absent health policies towards food fortification or vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy.