LAUSR

Dear Editor, Nervous system paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS) is a group of diseases caused by the distant effect of tumors and can affect various parts of the nervous system [1]. Involvement of the limbic lobe system in PNS is referred to as paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (LE). The main clinical symptoms are near memory loss, abnormal mental behavior (such as irritability, hallucinations, etc.), and seizures. Anti-Nmethyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antibody, anti-leucinerich glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1) antibody, anti-α-amino-3hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR), and antibody-related encephalitis mainly affect the limbic system. As the clinical manifestations of different subtypes of LEs are complex and diverse, and LE antibodies are not included in routine tests, early diagnosis is challenging [2]. Anti-AMPAR encephalitis was first discovered and reported in 2009, but it remains rare in clinical practice [3]. The incidence of anti-AMPAR encephalitis is low and there has been limited research reporting on its clinical manifestations and long-term prognosis. Also, racial and population differences influence the presentation of various clinical characteristics, making it challenging for clinicians to evaluate the disease’s early-stage manifestation, treatment, and longterm prognosis [4]. In this case report, we described the clinical characteristics, treatment, and long-term prognosis of a male patient with anti-AMPAR encephalitis and thymus cancer to provide references for diagnosis and treatment. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University. Informed consent was obtained from the parents of the patient.