LAUSR

Acute cerebellitis (AC) is a rare inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, usually presenting as a primary infection or post-infectious disease in early childhood, although a few cases have also been reported in adults. A broad clinical spectrum makes diagnosis challenging. Symptoms are variable and express acute cerebellar dysfunction, manifesting with ataxia, nystagmus, dysmetria, hypotonia often associated with fever, headache, nausea, and altered consciousness [1]. Computed tomography (CT) may be uninformative and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is necessary. Typical MRI findings, if any, strongly support a diagnosis of acute cerebellitis in patients with compatible clinical presentation and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings. There are no consensus indications for the treatment of postinfectious cerebellitis. Immunomodulatory and immunodepressant therapies are common in clinical practice. Here, we report the cases of two male patients, age 30 and 54 years, diagnosed with acute cerebellitis, and how they were diagnosed and treated.