LAUSR

Background The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal regimen of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for advanced epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancers. Methods A clinical information survey involving 171 patients with advanced epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer was conducted. These patients underwent NAC followed by interval debulking surgery at the Hyogo Cancer Center (Hyogo, Japan) between January 2006 and December 2015. Results The median observation period was 41 (range 4–138) months. Dose-dense paclitaxel and carboplatin (TC) was administered in 101 patients (59%); tri-weekly TC was administered 70 patients (41%). Median progression-free survival was 21 [95% confidence interval (CI) 18–23] months and 15 (95% CI 13–17) months in the dose-dense TC and conventional-TC group [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.69, 95% CI 0.46–0.96; p  = 0.02], respectively. The median overall survival was 59 (95% CI 46–72) and 40 (95% CI 32–57) months in the dose-dense TC group and conventional-TC group (HR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.48–1.06; p  = 0.09). Multivariate analysis for progression-free survival demonstrated that dose-dense TC represented an independent prognostic factor (HR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.50–0.99; p  = 0.04). Conclusions Dose-dense TC is a promising regimen of NAC for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.